{"id":3363,"date":"2025-07-15T19:08:28","date_gmt":"2025-07-15T12:08:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/?p=3363"},"modified":"2025-07-15T19:08:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T12:08:28","slug":"english-plural-nouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/english-plural-nouns\/","title":{"rendered":"English Plural Nouns"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Summary<\/h2>\n<div class=\"summary\">Plural nouns are words that refer to more than one person, place, thing or idea. They are usually formed by adding &#8220;s&#8221; or &#8220;es&#8221; to the end of the singular noun, with some exceptions.<\/div>\n<p><a id=\"toc-3\" name=\"toc-3\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>In-depth Explanation<\/h2>\n<div class=\"explanation\"><a id=\"toc-4\" name=\"toc-4\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">How to Form Regular Plural Nouns<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The most common way to form the plural of a noun in English is by adding\u00a0<strong>-s<\/strong>\u00a0to the end of the word. This rule applies to most nouns. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">book\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>books<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">car\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>cars<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">table\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>tables<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">dog\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>dogs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">However, if the noun ends in\u00a0<strong>-s<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>-ss<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>-sh<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>-ch<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>-x<\/strong>, or\u00a0<strong>-z<\/strong>, the plural is formed by adding\u00a0<strong>-es<\/strong>. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">bus\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>buses<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">glass\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>glasses<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">lunch\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>lunches<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">box\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>boxes<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">For nouns ending in\u00a0<strong>-o<\/strong>, the plural is usually formed by adding\u00a0<strong>-es<\/strong>. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">tomato\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>tomatoes<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">mosquito\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>mosquitoes<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">hero\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>heroes<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">echo\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>echoes<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">But there are exceptions where only\u00a0<strong>-s<\/strong>\u00a0is added:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">piano\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>pianos<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">photo\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>photos<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">kilo\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>kilos<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">video\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>videos<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">For nouns that end in a consonant followed by\u00a0<strong>-y<\/strong>, the\u00a0<strong>-y<\/strong>\u00a0is usually changed to\u00a0<strong>-ies<\/strong>\u00a0to form the plural. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">city\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>cities<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">baby\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>babies<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">story\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>stories<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">party\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>parties<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">If the noun ends in a vowel followed by\u00a0<strong>-y<\/strong>, simply add\u00a0<strong>-s<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">boy\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>boys<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">day\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>days<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">key\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>keys<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">journey\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>journeys<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">For most words ending in\u00a0<strong>-f<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0<strong>-fe<\/strong>, we change the\u00a0<strong>-f<\/strong>\u00a0to a\u00a0<strong>-v<\/strong>\u00a0and then add\u00a0<strong>-es<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">leaf\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>leaves<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">half\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>halves<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">wife\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>wives<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">life\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>lives<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">However, there are some exceptions where the\u00a0<strong>-f<\/strong>\u00a0doesn\u2019t change and only\u00a0<strong>-s<\/strong>\u00a0is added:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">roof\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>roofs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">belief\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>beliefs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">chef\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>chefs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">cliff\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>cliffs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">If the noun ends in\u00a0<strong>-us<\/strong>, the plural ending is often\u00a0<strong>-i:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">cactus\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>cacti<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">focus\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>foci<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">alumnus\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>alumni<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">radius\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>radii<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">If the singular noun ends in\u00a0<strong>-is<\/strong>, the plural ending is\u00a0<strong>-es<\/strong>:<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">thesis\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>theses<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">crisis\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>crises<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">diagnosis\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>diagnoses<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">analysis\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>analyses<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"toc-5\" name=\"toc-5\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Irregular Plural Nouns<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">English has many nouns that don\u2019t follow the regular pluralization rules. These irregular plurals must be memorized, as there are no specific rules to follow. Here are some common examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">child\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>children<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">man\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>men<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">woman\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>women<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">person\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>people<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">foot\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>feet<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">tooth\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>teeth<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">mouse\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<strong>mice<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Some nouns retain their original form when pluralized. That is, the singular and plural form of the word are the same. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><strong>sheep<\/strong>\u00a0(one sheep, two sheep)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><strong>fish<\/strong>\u00a0(one fish, two fish) \u2013 though\u00a0fishes\u00a0is also acceptable in certain contexts<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><strong>series<\/strong>\u00a0(one series, two series)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li dir=\"ltr\" aria-level=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><strong>species<\/strong>\u00a0(ones species, two species)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summary Plural nouns are words that refer to more than one person, place, thing or idea. They are usually formed by adding &#8220;s&#8221; or &#8220;es&#8221; to the end of the singular noun, with some exceptions. In-depth Explanation How to Form Regular Plural Nouns The most common way to form the plural of a noun in &#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[255],"tags":[828,826,817,824,816,818,273,827,287,819,832,825,823,829,833,821,831,820,830,822],"class_list":["post-3363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noun","tag-bai-tap-danh-tu-so-nhieu","tag-danh-tu-bat-quy-tac","tag-danh-tu-so-nhieu-tieng-anh","tag-danh-tu-tan-cung-them-s-es","tag-english-plural-nouns","tag-hoc-danh-tu-so-nhieu","tag-hoc-tieng-anh-cung-eduma","tag-irregular-plural-nouns","tag-learn-english-with-eduma","tag-learn-plural-nouns","tag-ngu-phap-danh-tu-so-nhieu","tag-nouns-ending-in-s-es","tag-plural-noun-examples","tag-plural-noun-exercises","tag-plural-noun-grammar","tag-plural-noun-rules","tag-plural-noun-vocabulary","tag-quy-tac-danh-tu-so-nhieu","tag-tu-vung-danh-tu-so-nhieu","tag-vi-du-danh-tu-so-nhieu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3363","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3363"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3363\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3365,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3363\/revisions\/3365"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3364"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edumaenglish.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}